Jet torpedo exhaust silencer or muffler for internal-combustion engines



f W c' Feb., 2? 95@ W, LLlx-HUQQH 13955D7994@ JET TORPEDO EXHAUST SILENCER OR MUFFLER.

FOR INTERNMJCVBUSTON mm m. 1s, 1951 ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 2, 1954 TIONENGINES R'PQXHAUST SILENCER 0R LER Foi; INTERNAL-COMBUS- GordonLW;iGallhugliaLinden, Mich. Aiipiieatio octter 1s, 1951, seriai'No. 251,855'

(Cl islam) Claims;

This inventiiml relates" to jettorpede exhaust silencers ormufiers forinternal combustion ehgines.

Among other objects, `the invention'ainis to provide; a4 rnuiilerl which will" obviate'- back" prese 'Sure buildeup Such' as might" Axlalilag'e the inutile?, onlyI the necessaryback'pressure being created, thereby maintaining' greater efficiency' in 'motor operation. l u

The invention also -provides'an eflicientf silencer fora inot'or exhaust;

A- further Object is*V t provide* silencing' units which may be secured withina housing in any desired manner, spaced asfpreferred; tos'ecure a maximum silencing effect for engines e'fdife'rent- -sizes andp'owers.

Other objects Will= be understood by those skilled'in the art loi/referring te-th'efoliowing deserintion and? draw-ings accompanying and'J forming a p art ci tiiis=specificationa InV the accompanying drawihgseshowing' a! preff'erredeinbodinientof the invention- Fi'g; lisa loi'igitudinalA sectional View off the inuilier; andv vT Tig'. isa-Section-online-QLZ'O Fig-L 1 buton aiarger scale.

Refer-ringparticularlyfto thel drawings',- my im proved exhaust silencer or' muiiler isfmad'e'u of metal laininatesor other" suitablelmaterial and is` designed to be clair-:pedi or other-Wise secured on the-end of an 'exhaust'lpipe' fwliichf carries the exhaust;LA gas'esawayA from an internal? combustioneng'ine; not shtvrnl Secured by a` clamping. ringitA and a bolt- 1f 'to the outside of exhaust pipe-'.5 isa-n 'adapter-18 Whosef outer end is materially larger than the inner split clamped'- end. AAapterFV B-ts vinside offahousin'g S which ispreferabl'y-astraighttube having aI diameter substantiallyflarger'thanathe diameter of the exhaust pipe, in soine=casesbeing about twice the si'z'e of` the'latt'er. YI-Iousing' 9 may be secured by" a suitable* Weld or inf 'any other suitable. rn'annertofv theenlarged end of the adapter, which is; cylindrical; as indicated at le, to give a suitably large contact area b'etween the housing-'andztliea'daiten Located betweenthey outer end'e'f the' 'adapter t* and' the remote end ofV housing @areaL plural'ityof? niuing or-sileno'ing units. Irrthedra'w'- ings, three-oi-` these units' are shown', 'asin actual tests three units haveY been' found" to" give .goed results without 'excessiveback" pressure. new ever; I do not wish to beiiinited to any partic'iila'r'number 'f units. l

The first unit' consists oi a baille funnel Il'A and a recoil cup l2 closely associatedwithinthe housing 9 near' adapter 8. Thebafefunnel ll has a cylindrical portion @which snuglyfits inside the housing and may'b'e secured thereto by' a suitable weldv or anyv suitableA mannerl so as' to abut the'end'of adapter 8; N Xt' tothecylin'- drical'portion i3' is'a frusta-conicalwellA Iii` l which merges into a cylidrical wallioffreducedsite, that is, cylindrical wall'i is of lessI diameter than that of exhaust piioe'Aj and may be only about two-thirds aslarge; The cylindricalwail l 5' terminatesY in" a perforate' Wall' It whose plane is at right angles to the'longitudinal' axis of' the housing. Wall Hi has'a Central `round aperture il having' a diameterv about half" that of the inside diameter of cylindrical Wall i5, aperture Vis in'the'oent'er o1" the muierhousing'sothat it is concentric with the exhaust' pipe 51. Surrounding aperture ll are* a circular series -of periorations ittofismal'l size;` however, thetotal area of these perorationsv exceedsl the areaA lof centralA aperture Il. Surroundingfthe cylindrie cal wall l5 and partei the frusto-conicalfwali is is thev recoily cup I-Z, which alsoh'as'aj cylindrical portion 2@` secured as by'a suitable weld or any suitable manner toV the interior-off the muffler housingl Adjacent cylindricalportion 2t is a4 frusto-co'nical Wall E l having-a circular series of perforations- 22- whose total area equalsor exceeds the total area of: central aperture H plus periorations It. Adjoining theIf-ru'stoeconical wall 2l isV a cylindrical Wall'23'*Whosediame h ter is such that it* lies about halfway between the inner wallv of the muffler housing and the outerl wall of cylindrical Wall'AA i5: There-is also a short frusta-conical Wall- 2li-f adjoining cylindrical wall 23, and a concavo-convex wail 2'5is integral with irustoconical Wall 24 andpresents a convex gas-deiecti'ng surface-tothe" central aperture il, froml which it' is--spacedashortl disn tance.

The second. unit also secured `Within. the muffler housingand isspacedl a suitable'fdistance .from the irst unit. In thedrawingathe second unit is shown about half way betweenthe ends of the housing, but other. relative positions of the parts are possible. The. second unit also consists of a baiie funnel,v designated generally by the reference numerall, and a .recoil cup 3l which preferably is identcalwith.recoilcupl2. Baffie funnel 3&1V includes a short cylindricalportion '38e by which it may be attached to the inuiiier housing by a suitable weld or. .any suitable. mannen; a frusta-conical Wall S'Zfadjoinng cylindricalportion "Ste, andv a cylindrical wall 33 projecting from the smaller end of frustoconical wall 32. Cylindrical wall 33 is preferably of the same dimensions as cylindrical wall I5 of the rst unit, and its position relative to recoil cup 3l is substantially the same as the position of cylindrical wall I5 relative to recoil cup I2. However, cylindrical wall 33 does not merge into a periorate wall at right angles to the axis of the housing but instead is entirely open for free passage oi the gases and their impingeinent against the convex wall 34 of recoil cup 3l. A cylindrical wall 35, which is part of recoil cup 3l, partly surrounds cylindrical wall 33 and merges into a suitable frusto-conical Wall 36 which in turn merges into convex wall S. Another suitable frusto-conical wall 3l having perforations 38 in a circular series adjoins cylindrical wall 35 and at its larger end merges into a short cylindrical wall 39 for attachment of the recoil cup 3l by a suitable Weld or any suitable manner to the housing.

The third unit (and. any additional units) are each like the described second unit, each including a baffle funnel Il!! and a recoil cup ill. As shown, the third unit is spaced about two-thirds of the length of the housing tube from the adapter-supported end, but it may be otherwise located. The outer end of the housing supports another adapter 42, and an exhaust tube i3 is split as indicated at lil and is clamped by a clamping ring 45 and bolt i6 to the reduced end of the adapter @l2 secured to housing 9 by a suitable weld at the large end of adapter G2. Exhaust tube i3 is conventional and is only partly shown. It is preferably of any suitable diameter as exhaust pipe 5 and is axially aligned therewith.

When exhaust gases are discharged from exhaust pipe 5 they first expand in adapter 8 and the adjacent end of baille funnel I i and then are compressed somewhat and have their velocity raised as they pass through reduced cylindrical portion I5. Then, striking perforate wall l5, the gases are broken up into a plurality of swirling currents and ilow out through the central aperture or oriiice Il and the circular series of perforations I8 as small jets. the convex wall 25 and are deilected and permitted to expand and lose velocity until they reach the circular series of perforations 22. The total area of these perforations and their position permit the gases to flow with lessened violence through the chamber or space 5t in the housing between the first and second units. When the gases reach the second unit they will flow through the cylinder presented by the wall 33 and out through the open end against convex wall 34 of recoil cup 3|. Convex wall Sil reverses the flow of the gases and the recoil cup 3l permits the reversely flowing gases to expand and lose velocity. Then the gases ilow quietly out through the circular series of perforations 33 and into chamber 5I between the second and third units. On reaching the third unit the flow is exactly the same as when reaching the second unit. Beyond the third unit the gases ilow through the muiller housing, thence through the exhaust tube d3.

These jets all strike Applicant is not wedded to any particular theory of operation of the muler described herein, but it is known from observation and experimentation that the muiller silences the exhaust of an engine to a remarkable degree without excessive back pressure.

All joints of adapters I0 and 42 and all units I3, 2D, 30a and 39 contacting housing tube 9 are to be secured by a suitable weld or any suitable manner to housing tube 9.

Batlle funnel II is not to be confined to No. l unit but may be used on any and all units if desired, to accomplish the required results if needed.

Baillo funnel with reference numeral 3i) and formerly described diiers as having full opening and may not be confined to any one unit but may be used on any and all units such as the requirements may be, both baille funnel II and baille funnel 30 being used in conjunction with recoil cups as formerly described.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An exhaust silencer or muiiler, comprising in combination, a housing, and a plurality of units within the housing secured to the walls thereof, each unit consisting of a baille funnel and a recoil cup; each baille funnel consisting of a hollow member having a gas receiving end which is about as large as the inside of the housing and a gas discharging end which is of reduced dimensions; each recoil cup being spaced from the baille funnel lengthwise of the housing and also surrounding the part of the baille funnel which is of reduced dimensions; each recoil cup having a wall which receives the gases discharged from the baille funnel of the unit and deilects said gases outwardly; the aforementioned wall of each recoil cup being convex and directly in front of the gas discharging end of said hollow member and a circular series of openings provided in the said wall of the recoil cup near its portion of greatest lateral dimensions for discharge of said deflected gases.

2. An exhaust silencer or muffler comprising, in combination, a housing, and a plurality of units within the housing secured to the walls thereof, each unit consisting of a baille funnel and a recoil cup; each baille funnel consisting of a hollow member having a gas-receiving end which is about as large as the inside of the housing and a gas-discharging end which is of reduced dimensions; each recoil cup being spaced from the baille funnel lengthwise of the housing and also surrounding the part of the baille funnel which is of reduced dimensions; each recoil cup having a wall which receives the gases discharged from the baille funnel of the unit and deflects said gases outwardly; each recoil cup having openings near its portion of greatest lateral dimensions for discharge of said deflected gases; said housing being tubular, each baille funnel having a frustoconical wall extending from the portion which is secured to the housing forwardly or in the olirection of ilow of the gases, with the smaller end 0f the frusto-conical wall located forwardly, the baille funnel also having an opening of relatively large size provided by a cylindrical extension on the smaller end of the frusto-conical wall; the recoil cup having a convex wall directly in front or" said opening of relatively large size, and also having a circular series of openings adjacent the area where said recoil cup is secured to the housing.

3. An exhaust silencer or muler comprising, in combination, a housing; and a plurality of units within the housing and secured to the walls thereof; each unit consisting of a baille funnel and a recoil cup; the baille funnel nearest the engine having a frusto-conical wall adjoining the portion which is secured to said housing, with the smaller end of the frusto-conical wall located forwardly or in the direction of ilow of the gases; a cylindrical wall joining the forward end of said frusto-conical wall; said cylindrical wall terminating in a perforate wall whose plane is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the housing; the recoil cup being located near said perforate wall and being so constructed and arranged as to receive gases discharged through said perforate wall and reverse the flow thereof; said recoil cup having perforations near its portion of largest lateral dimensions for discharge of the gases after such reverse fiow; the second unit within the housing being spaced from the first unit and being in all respects similar to the first unit except that the bafiie funnel of the second unit has a wide opening at the forward end of said cylindrical wall.

4. An exhaust silencer or muffler comprising, in combination, a housing; and a plurality of units within the housing and secured to the walls thereof; each unit consisting of a baiile funnel and a recoil cup; the baffle funnel nearest the engine having a frusto-conical wall adjoining the portion which is secured to said housing, with the smaller end of the frusto-conical wall located forwardly or in the direction of flow of the gases; a cylindrical wall joining the forward end of said frusto-conical wall; said cylindrical wall terminating in a perforate wall whose plane is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the housing; the recoil cup being located near said perforate wall and being so constructed and arranged as to receive gases discharged through said perforate wall and reverse the flow thereof; said recoil cup having perforation near its portion of largest lateral dimensions for discharge of the gases after such reverse ow; the second unit within the housing being spaced from the first unit and being in all respects similar to the rst unit except that the baffle funnel of the second unit has a wide opening at the forward end of said cylindrical wall; each aforementioned recoil cup having a centrally disposed convex wall axially aligned with and slightly spaced from the discharge opening in the baffle funnel, and each aforementioned recoil cup further having walls connecting said convex Wall and the portion which is fixed to the housing; said last mentioned walls partly surrounding the cylindrical wall of the baffle funnel of the unit.

5. An exhaust silencer or muffler comprising,

in combination, a housing; and a plurality of units within the housing and secured to the walls thereof; each unit consisting of a baffle funnel and a recoil cup; the baffle funnel nearest the engine having a frusto-conical wall adjoining the portion which is secured to said housing, with the smaller end of the frusto-conical wall located forwardly or in the direction of flow of the gases; a cylindrical wall joining the forward end of said frusto-conical wall; said cylindrical wall terminating in a perforate wall whose plane is at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the housing; the recoil cup being located near said perforate Wall and being so constructed and arranged as to receive gases discharged through said perforate wall and reverse the flow thereof; said recoil cup having perfor-ations near its portion of largest lateral dimensions for discharge of the gases after such reverse flow; the second unit within the housing being spaced from the first unit and being in all respects similar to the first unit except that the baffle funnel of the second unit has a wide opening at the forward end of said cylindrical wall; each aforementioned recoil cup having a centrally disposed convex wall which is directly in line with the discharge opening in the baffle funnel of the unit, each aforementioned recoil cup further having a cylindrical wall partly surrounding the cylindrical wall of the bafe funnel of the unit and being spaced about half way between the inner walls of the housing and the cylindrical wall of said baie funnel, the perforations in each aforementioned recoil cup being arranged in a circular series and being to the rear of the cylindrical wall of the aforementioned recoil cup.

GORDON W. GALLIHUGH.

References Cited in the file of this patent 

